London is the capital city of England and the United Kingdom

population aged 0 to 15 as of 2009 estimates from the Office for National Statistics, with 55. 7 per cent of the population aged 0 to 15 being White British, 0. 7 per cent being White Irish and 5. 6 per cent being from other EU White backgrounds. In January 2005, a survey of London's ethnic and religious diversity claimed that there were more than 300 languages spoken and more than 50 non-indigenous communities which have a population of more than 10,000 in London. Figures from the Office for National Statistics show that, as of 2010, London's foreign-born population is 2,650,000 (33 per cent), up from 1,630,000 in 1997.

 The 2011 census showed that 36. 7 per cent of Greater London's population were born outside the UK. The table to the right shows the 20 most common foreign countries of birth of London residents in 2011, the date of the last published UK Census. A portion of the German-born population are likely to be British nationals born to parents serving in the British Armed Forces in Germany. Estimates produced by the Office for National Statistics indicate that the five largest foreign-born groups living in London in the period July 2009 to June 2010 were those born in India, Poland, the Republic of Ireland, Bangladesh and Nigeria.

The majority of Londoners – 58. 2 per cent – identify themselves as Christians. This is followed by those of no religion (15. 8 per cent), Muslims (8. 5 per cent), Hindus (4

1 per cent), Jews (2. 1 per cent), Sikhs (1. 5 per cent), Buddhists (0. 8 per cent) and other (0. 2 per cent), though 8. 7 per cent of people did not answer this question in the 2001 Census.

London has traditionally been Christian, and has a large number of churches, particularly in the City of London. The well-knownSt Paul's Cathedral in the City and Southwark Cathedral south of the river are Anglican administrative centres, while theArchbishop of Canterbury, principal bishop of the Church of England and worldwide Anglican Communion, has his main residence at Lambeth Palace in the London Borough of Lambeth.

Important national and royal ceremonies are shared between St Paul's and Westminster Abbey. The Abbey is not to be confused with nearby Westminster Cathedral, which is the largest Roman Catholic cathedral in England and Wales. Despite the prevalence of Anglican churches, observance is very low within the Anglican denomination. Church attendance continues on a long, slow, steady decline, according to Church of England statistics.

London is also home to sizeable Muslim, Hindu, Sikh, and Jewish communities. Many Muslims live in Tower Hamlets and Newham; the most important Muslim edifice is London Central Mosque on the edge of Regent's Park. Following the oil boom, increasing numbers of wealthy Middle-EasternMuslims have based themselves around Mayfair and Knightsbridge in west London. London is home to the largest mosque in western Europe, the Baitul Futuh Mosque, of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community. London's large Hindu community is found in the

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